Handheld treatment apparatus with cartridge assembly locking features

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for treating human skin includes an outer housing including a graspable portion and an applicator head engagement structure. The apparatus includes an image capture device that captures images of the human skin through an opening in the applicator head. A processor analyzes the images of the human skin to identify skin deviations. A cartridge includes a nozzle located in the applicator head. The applicator head includes an outer housing engagement structure that engages the applicator head engagement structure with the cartridge inserted into the outer housing to inhibit removal of the cartridge from the outer housing. A cap engages the applicator head. The cap has a locked configuration connected to the applicator head where the applicator head is removable from the outer housing and an unlocked configuration connected to the applicator head where removal of the applicator head from the outer housing is inhibited.

FIELD

The present application relates to a handheld treatment apparatus forapplying compositions to skin, and other keratinous surfaces and, inparticular, a handheld treatment apparatus that includes cartridgeassembly locking features.

BACKGROUND

Tonal variations on human skin have multiple causes. Acne, freckles, sundamage, and age spots are just a few of the common causes of visibledefects on skin. Textural variations such as fine lines, wrinkles andscars are also well known. Both tonal and textural deviations arenoticeable to the human eye, even when they are quite small. Coveringlarge areas of skin on and around deviations with makeup or otherconcealers is known.

Skin treatment apparatuses have been proposed that can analyze images ofhuman skin and deliver skin treatment compositions based on the images.The skin treatment apparatuses may include a compartment that houses theskin treatment compositions and a delivery component that is used todeliver the skin treatment compositions to the skin. As can beappreciated, maintenance may be needed for the apparatuses to operateeffectively.

SUMMARY

In an embodiment, an apparatus for treating human skin includes an outerhousing including a graspable portion. The outer housing includes anapplicator head engagement structure. An applicator head connects to theouter housing. An image capture device that captures images of the humanskin through an opening in the applicator head. A processor analyzes theimages of the human skin to identify skin deviations. A cartridgeincludes a nozzle located in the applicator head. The applicator headincludes an outer housing engagement structure that engages theapplicator head engagement structure with the cartridge inserted intothe outer housing to inhibit removal of the cartridge from the outerhousing. A cap engages the applicator head. The cap has a lockedconfiguration connected to the applicator head where the applicator headis removable from the outer housing and an unlocked configurationconnected to the applicator head where removal of the applicator headfrom the outer housing is inhibited by the applicator head engagementstructure.

In another embodiment, a method of operating an apparatus for treatingskin is provided. The method includes placing a cartridge at leastpartially within an outer housing. The cartridge is connected to anapplicator head and the cartridge comprising a nozzle located in theapplicator head. An outer housing engagement structure of the applicatorhead and an applicator head engagement structure of the outer housingare engaged with the cartridge inserted into the outer housing therebyinhibiting removal of the applicator head from the outer housing. A capconnected to the applicator head is rotated from a locked configurationthat allows removal of the applicator head from the outer housing to anunlocked configuration that inhibits removal of the applicator head fromthe outer housing. Images of the human skin are captured through anopening in the applicator head using an image capture device. The imagesof the human skin are analyzed to identify skin deviations using aprocessor. A skin treatment composition is delivered from the nozzleonto the human skin.

In another embodiment, a cartridge assembly for a handheld skintreatment apparatus comprising an image capture device that capturesimages of the human skin and a processor that analyzes the images of thehuman skin to identify skin deviations is provided. The cartridgeassembly includes an applicator head and a cartridge connected to theapplicator head. The cartridge includes a nozzle located in theapplicator head. The applicator head connects to an outer housing of thehandheld skin treatment apparatus. A cap engages the applicator head.The cap has a locked configuration connected to the applicator headwhere the applicator head is removable from the outer housing and anunlocked configuration connected to the applicator head where removal ofthe applicator head from the outer housing is inhibited by theapplicator head engagement structure.

Embodiments described herein can solve many problems with prior devicesand methods. Specifically, the handheld treatment devices lock a cap ofa cartridge assembly of the handheld treatment devices to an applicatorhead when the cartridge assembly is removed from the handheld treatmentdevice. While locked to the applicator head, the cap closes a sealingassembly to seal a sealing element against nozzles of a nozzle array,which helps to improve operation of the nozzle array once the cartridgeassembly is connected to the handheld treatment apparatus. Further, thecartridge assembly can be removed from the handheld treatment apparatusonly when the cap is connected to the applicator head, which againcloses the sealing assembly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing outand distinctly claiming the present invention, it is believed the samewill be better understood from the following description taken inconjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a handheld treatment apparatus,according to one or more embodiments described herein;

FIG. 2 illustrates a perspective view of an outer housing of thehandheld treatment apparatus of FIG. 1, according to one or moreembodiments shown and described herein;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cartridge assembly of the handheldtreatment apparatus of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodimentsshown and described herein;

FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view of an applicator head of the handheldtreatment apparatus of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodimentsshown and described herein;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an applicator head of the handheldtreatment apparatus of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodimentsshown and described herein;

FIG. 6 is another perspective view of the applicator head of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a detail perspective view of the applicator head of FIG. 5connected to the outer housing of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a bottom perspective view of a cap of the handheld treatmentapparatus of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodiments shown anddescribed herein;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the cartridge assembly of FIG. 3 withthe head portion removed to illustrate a sealing assembly, according toone or more embodiments shown and described herein;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the sealing assembly of FIG. 9 in anopen configuration, according to one or more embodiments shown anddescribed herein;

FIG. 11 illustrates a sealing element of the sealing assembly of FIG. 9travelling toward a nozzle plate, according to one or more embodimentsshown and described herein;

FIG. 12 illustrates the sealing element of FIG. 11 being forced againstthe nozzle plate, thereby reducing a width of the sealing element andincreasing a contact area with the nozzle plate;

FIG. 13 illustrates the sealing element of FIG. 11 lifting away from thenozzle plate thereby priming the array of nozzles;

FIG. 14 illustrates a method of operating the handheld treatmentapparatus of FIG. 1, according to one or more embodiments shown anddescribed herein;

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of another handheld treatment apparatus,according to one or more embodiments shown and described herein;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of an outer housing of the handheldtreatment apparatus, according to one or more embodiments shown anddescribed herein;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a cartridge assembly of the handheldtreatment apparatus of FIG. 15, according to one or more embodimentsshown and described herein;

FIG. 18 is another perspective view of the cartridge assembly of FIG.17;

FIG. 19 is a bottom view of a cap of the handheld treatment apparatus ofFIG. 15, according to one or more embodiments shown and describedherein;

FIG. 20 is a bottom perspective view of a head portion of an applicatorhead of the handheld treatment apparatus of FIG. 15, according to one ormore embodiments shown and described herein;

FIG. 21 is a bottom view of an applicator head of the handheld treatmentapparatus of FIG. 15, according to one or more embodiments shown anddescribed herein;

FIG. 22 is an exploded view of the cartridge assembly of FIG. 17 withthe head portion of FIG. 20 removed to illustrate a sealing assembly,according to one or more embodiments shown and described herein;

FIG. 23 is a bottom detail view of the head portion of FIG. 20;

FIG. 24 is a perspective view of the cartridge assembly of FIG. 17 withthe head portion removed to illustrate the sealing assembly in a closedconfiguration; and

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of the cartridge assembly of FIG. 17 withthe head portion removed to illustrate the sealing assembly in an openconfiguration.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments described herein may be understood more readily by referenceto the following detailed description. It is to be understood that thescope of the claims is not limited to the specific compositions,methods, conditions, devices, or parameters described herein, and thatthe terminology used herein is not intended to be limiting. Also, asused in the specification, including the appended claims, the singularforms “a,” “an,” and “the” include the plural, and reference to aparticular numerical value includes at least that particular value,unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. When a range of values isexpressed, another embodiment includes from the one particular valueand/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values areexpressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent basis “about,” itwill be understood that the particular values form another embodiment.All ranges are inclusive and combinable.

Referring to FIG. 1, a handheld treatment apparatus 10 for applyingcompositions to skin generally includes an outer housing 12, which isshown transparent for illustrative purposes that is sized and shaped tobe held in-hand and manipulated manually during a treatment operation.The outer housing 12 includes a graspable portion 14 including a base 16and an applicator portion 18 including an applicator head 20 having anopening 22 through which a skin treatment composition can be deliveredto the skin. A battery 24 (e.g., a rechargeable battery) may be locatedin the graspable portion 14 of the outer housing 12. In otherembodiments, the handheld treatment apparatus 10 may not include abattery or the handheld treatment apparatus 10 may be plugged, forexample, to an electrical supply outlet. In some embodiments, thegraspable portion 14 including the base 16 may include lighting forilluminating the base 16 or other locations of the outer housing 12. Auser interface 28 may also be provided where a user can provide inputsor control instructions to a processing unit 30 for controlling thehandheld treatment apparatus 10. While various buttons or touch areas 32(e.g., utilizing capacitive touch sensors, momentary switches, etc.) areillustrated for the user to touch and activate, any other suitable inputdevices may be used, such as touch screen displays, voice commands, etc.Acoustics and haptics may be provided to provide user information duringuse regarding usage conditions. In some embodiments, the handheldtreatment apparatus 10 may be capable of wireless communication and becontrolled remotely, e.g., using a cell phone or other handheldcomputing device, or capable of otherwise sending information wirelesslyor wired to an external device, for example, for tracking treatmentresults.

The applicator portion 18 may include the applicator head 20 includingthe opening 22 through which the skin treatment composition can bedelivered to the skin and a cartridge 36 that is located within theouter housing 12. As will be described in greater detail below, thecartridge 36 may include a nozzle array that is embedded in a cartridgedie. In other embodiments, separate nozzles may be used that can beconnected to the cartridge. The applicator head 20 can provide a spacebetween the skin surface at the opening 22 and the nozzle array (andother components) during use. An image capture device 46 may also belocated at the applicator portion 18 and adjacent the cartridge 36. Theimage capture device 46 can be any of a variety of commerciallyavailable devices such as a digital camera. The image capture device 46takes a picture of the skin and sends it to the processing unit 30. Theprocessing unit 30 may be generally referred to as a central processingunit, or CPU, which may comprise a simple circuit board, a more complexcomputer, or the like. The image may be analyzed by the processing unit30 to identify skin deviations. A pen driver may be provided tofacilitate communication with the processing unit 30 with externaldevices (e.g., for tracking treatments, such as skin tone affects, timeof use, etc.) A variety of lighting may also be provided to illuminatethe skin area such that the image capture device can have constantillumination. The lighting can be, for example, a diode, incandescentlight or any other suitable light source.

A cap 50 may be provided that can interlock with the applicator head 20and/or outer housing 12. The cap 50 generally includes a cap body 52having a cover wall 54 and a side wall 56 that extends outward from thecover wall 54 to an edge 58. As will be described in greater detailbelow, the cap 50 may have a closed and locked configuration that allowsfor removal of the cartridge 36 from the outer housing 12 and a closedand unlocked configuration that allows for removal of the cap from theapplicator head 20 and use of the handheld treatment apparatus 10 withcartridge 36. The outer housing 12, applicator head 20 and cap 50 willnow be described in greater detail.

Applicator Head and Cap Locking and Unlocking

Referring to FIG. 2, the outer housing 12 is illustrated without theapplicator head 20, cartridge 36 and cap 50. The outer housing 12includes a cartridge receiving volume 60 and a cartridge identifyingdevice 62 that is located at the cartridge receiving volume 60. Thecartridge identifying device 62 may be shaped and sized to provide thecartridge receiving volume 60 with a cross-sectional shape that receivesthe cartridge 36 in only a single, predetermined angular orientationthat allows for identification of the cartridge 36 using, for example,electrical contacts 64 or other suitable sensor, such as a switch, hallmagnetic sensor, optical sensor, etc.

The outer housing 12 further includes a pair of applicator headengagement structures 66 and 68 that extend outward beyond a terminaledge 69 of the outer housing 12. In the illustrated example, theapplicator head engagement structures 66 and 68 include hook members 70including a head 72 and an arm 74 that extends axially from the head andinto the outer housing 12. In some embodiments, the arms 74 may bemovably connected to the outer housing at locations 76 (FIG. 1) thatallow the arms 74 to provide a spring-like biasing force that biases theheads 72 outwardly away from a central axis of the outer housing 12(i.e., in a lateral direction). The arms 74 also allow the heads 72 toresiliently move inwardly toward the central axis of the outer housing12, which can allow for releasing the applicator head 20 from the outerhousing 12. In some embodiments, the applicator head engagementstructures 66 and 68 may be formed separately from the outer housing 12and connected thereto. In other embodiments, one or both of theapplicator head engagement structures 66 and 68 may be formed as amonolithic part of the outer housing 12, e.g., using a molding process.

Referring to FIG. 3, the cartridge 36 is illustrated connected to theapplicator head 20, thereby forming a cartridge assembly 80. In thisexample, the cartridge assembly 80 may be formed so as to fix thecartridge 36 to the applicator head 20. As used herein, the term “fix”means intended to not be removed without damage. The term “fixed” is notmeant to exclude the ability of the applicator head 20 to move (e.g.,rotate) relative to the cartridge 36 while remaining connected thereto.The cartridge assembly 80 may be, for example, packaged together as arefill for the handheld treatment apparatus 10. In other embodiments,the cartridge 36 may be provided separately from the applicator head 20.

The applicator head 20 includes a head portion 82 and a socket portion84. The head portion 82 extends outward from the socket portion 84 inthe axial direction to the opening 22 at an apex of the head portion 82.In some embodiments, one or more skin engagement members, in thisexample, rollers 86 and 88 may be provided at the opening 22. Therollers 86 and 88 may be provided for a number of reasons including tomaintain contact between the handheld treatment apparatus 10 and theskin surface, to influence friction between the skin and the handheldtreatment apparatus 10 while moving the handheld treatment apparatus 10across the skin, to present a relatively flat skin surface to the imagecapture device 46 and nozzle array, and to detect movement and/or speedof movement on skin. FIG. 4 illustrates the rollers 86 and 88 inisolation with the opening 22 formed in the applicator head 20. In thisembodiment, the rollers 86 and 88 are located at opposite edges 90 and92 of the opening 22, extending continuously across a width W of theopening 22. In this way, the rollers 86 and 88 define forward andrearward rolling directions perpendicular to their axes of rotation 96and 98 for the handheld treatment apparatus 10 where the rollers 86 and88 can be rolled over the skin surface. In some embodiments, the opening22 has an area that is less than 100 mm².

As illustrated, the rollers 86 and 88 may be continuous along theirentire lengths and each roll as a single unit. In other embodiments,multiple rollers may be used along the edges 90 and 92, capable ofindependent rotation. The rollers 86 and 88 may have a surface featurethat can be used to increase contact between the surface of the rollers86 and 88 and the skin surface (e.g., to reduce smearing or displacementof the skin treatment composition). For example, the rollers 86 and 88may be provided with projections 95 (FIG. 3) to provide peaks that rollagainst the skin surface. Any other suitable surface features may beused, such as frustoconical projections, grooves, etc. that allow forrolling against the skin while presenting a relatively flat skin surfacewithin the opening 22. The rollers 86 and 88 may be formed of anysuitable materials, such as plastic or rubber and randomly formedmaterials such as foam, sintered, flocked or sputtered materials.

Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, more detailed views of the applicatorhead 20 in isolation are illustrated. The applicator head 20 includes apair of outer housing engagement structures 100 and 102 in the form ofopenings at opposite sides of the socket portion 84. The openings 100and 102 are sized and located to removably receive the heads 72 of theapplicator head engagement structures 66 and 68. In particular, movementof the applicator head 20 toward the outer housing 12 causes the heads72 of the applicator head engagement structures 66 and 68 to enter theopenings 100 and 102 and engage with engaging surfaces 104 and 106thereby placing the applicator head 20 in an applicator head closedconfiguration, as illustrated by FIG. 7.

Referring also to FIG. 8, the cap 50 includes the cap body 52 having thecover wall 54 and the side wall 56 that extends outward from the coverwall 54 to edge 58. The cap 50 includes a pair of head engagementprojections 110 that engage a pair of cap engagement structures 112 withthe cap in a cap closed and locked configuration. In the illustratedexample, the head engagement projections 110 are in the form of hooksthat can be received by the cap engagement structures 112 in the form ofslots formed in the head portion 82 of the applicator head 20. The cap50 further includes elastic tongues 114 and 116 that can be removablyreceived by cap locking indents 118 and 120 that are provided adjacentthe openings 100 and 102. The elastic tongues 114 and 116 inhibitrotation of the cap 50 relative to the applicator head 20 with the capin the cap closed and locked configuration. However, the applicator headengagement structures 66 and 68 include a tongue engagement projection122 that pushes the elastic tongues 114 and 116 out of the cap lockingindents 118 and 120 with the heads 72 of the applicator head engagementstructures 66 and 68 inserted through the openings 100 and 102 (FIG. 7).This places the cap 50 in a closed and unlocked configuration to allowfor rotation of the cap 50 relative to the applicator head 20 in orderto remove the cap 50 from the applicator head 20. In this regard,removal of the cap 50 from the applicator head 20 is dependent onconnecting the applicator head 20 to the outer housing 12.

For removing the cartridge assembly 80 from the outer housing 12, thecap 50 includes a hook engagement surface 124 having a ramp shape thatpresses laterally on the heads 72 of the applicator head engagementstructures 66 and 68 and moves them out of engagement with the engagingsurfaces 104 and 106 as the cap 50 is rotated into the closed and lockedconfiguration. In this regard, the cartridge assembly 80 can be removedfrom the outer housing 12 only when the cap 50 is in the closed andlocked configuration. Removing the cartridge assembly 80 from the outerhousing 12 allows the elastic tongues 114 and 116 to snap back into thecap locking indents 118 and 120 to prevent rotation of the cap 50relative to the applicator head 20.

Nozzle Sealing and Unsealing

In consumer applications there is a high need for reliable performancewith minimal effort from the consumer. Because of this, existingconsumer printing devices may contain sophisticated processes formaintaining a high print quality. For example, it is common for consumerinkjet printing devices to contain hundreds of individual nozzles witheach nozzle as small as 5-50 microns. Additionally, most compositions insuch devices are volatile and are prone to drying out quickly whenexposed to air. Due to the small and numerous nozzles and fast drytimes, it may be difficult to keep all nozzles working properly over thecourse of use and potentially long periods of time between uses.

Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the cartridge assembly 80 is illustratedwith the applicator head 20 removed. As indicated above, the cartridge36 includes an array of nozzles 130 and a housing 132 that is used as areservoir for a skin treatment composition. The cartridge assembly 80further includes a sealing assembly 134 that is used to seal the arrayof nozzles 130 with the cap 50 in the closed and locked configuration.In some embodiments, the sealing assembly 134 may hermetically seal thearray of nozzles 130.

The sealing assembly 134 includes a support portion 136 that supports aresiliently deformable sealing element 138. The sealing element 138 maybe formed using any suitable elastic material, such as plastic, foam,rubber and may be a 2-K molded part. For example, the support portion136 and the sealing element 138 may be 2-K molded together to reducecost. In the illustrated embodiment, the support portion 136 includes aframe 139 that is pivotally connected to the applicator head 20 by apivot rod 140 that extends through a bore 142 at a lower edge of theframe 139. A helical spring 146 is wrapped around the pivot rod 140 tobias the frame 139 toward the illustrated open position. In anotherembodiment, instead of a helical spring, the sealing assembly might bemoved by a feature within the cap 50. The frame 139 further includes agroove 148 that is sized to receive the sealing element 138. The groove148 has a depth that is less than a width or diameter of the sealingelement 138 such that a portion of the width of the sealing element 138extends outward beyond the frame 139 in order to make intimate contactwith the array of nozzles 130. In order to seal all of the nozzles 130,the sealing element may have a length that is at least the same orgreater than a length of the array of nozzles 130. While the sealingelement 138 is illustrated as cylindrical, the sealing element 138 maybe any suitable shape or combination of shapes.

The sealing assembly 134 may further include a switch engaging element150. The switch engaging element 150 extends laterally outward at anupper edge 152 of the frame 139. In some embodiments, the switchengaging element 150 is sized to engage an activation switch 154 (FIG.2) located within the outer housing 12 with the sealing assembly 134 ina closed configuration. The activation switch 154 provides a signal tothe processing unit 30 to activate or deactivate based on whether or notthe activation switch 154 is actuated by the switch engaging element150. In particular, the processing unit 30 deactivates the handheldtreatment apparatus 10 if the activation switch 154 is actuated by theswitch engaging element 150 (in the closed configuration) and activatesthe handheld treatment apparatus 10 if the activation switch 154 isunactuated (in the open configuration). While a switch may be used,other devices may be used such as magnetic, optical, metal contacts,etc.

In the illustrated embodiment, the sealing assembly 134 is moved betweenthe open configuration and the closed configuration using the cap 50.Referring again to FIGS. 5 and 6, the cap engagement structure 112 is inthe form of slots that allow the head engagement projections 110 toextend therethrough (FIG. 8). The frame 139 has an engagement surface156 that is located in the rotational path of the head engagementprojection 110 such that the head engagement projection 110 engages theengagement surfaces 156 and pushes the sealing assembly 134 from theopen configuration to the closed configuration as the cap 50 is rotatedinto the cap closed and locked configuration. The head engagementprojection 110 further holds the sealing assembly 134 in the closedconfiguration while the cap 50 is in the closed and lockedconfiguration. It should be noted that while the sealing assembly 134 isillustrated pivotally connected directly to the applicator head 20, thesealing assembly 134 may be connected directly to the cartridge 36.

FIGS. 11-13 illustrate operation of the sealing element 138 when movingfrom the closed configuration (FIG. 13) to the opened configuration(FIG. 12). Before contact with a nozzle plate 160 that houses thenozzles 130, the sealing element 138 has an original diameter D₁. Aforce F is applied against the sealing element 138, as described above,due to contact with the head engagement projection 110 with the cap 50in the closed and locked configuration. Referring to FIG. 12, thesealing element 138 begins to deform and decrease a distance (e.g., nomore than about 350 μm, such as no more than about 200 μm, such as nomore than about 100 μm) in width to a diameter D₂ as the sealing element138 comes into contact with the nozzle plate 160. As the sealing element138 deforms, the amount of contact area and pressure between the sealingelement 138 and the nozzle plate 160 increases on either side of thenozzles 130, thereby displacing debris 165 away from the nozzles 130.For example, this increase in contact area between the sealing element138 and the nozzle plate 160 can provide a wiping motion that wipes thecontact area around the nozzles 130, thereby displacing debris 165 awayfrom the nozzles 130. For example, this increase in contact area betweenthe sealing element 138 and the nozzle plate 160 can provide a squeezingmotion that displacing debris 165 away from the nozzles 130. Referringto FIG. 13, as the sealing element 138 moves to the open configurationby travelling in a composition delivery direction away from thecartridge 36, the sealing element 138 resiliently returns to theoriginal diameter D1 as the sealing element 138 is removed outwardlyaway from the nozzles 130 thereby providing decreased pressure at thenozzles 130, priming the nozzles 130 to aid in introduction ofcomposition 167 to the nozzles 130.

FIG. 14 illustrates a process 170 of using the handheld treatmentapparatus 10 where, at step 172, the cartridge assembly 80 is locatedoutside of the outer housing 12, the cartridge assembly 80 including theapplicator head 20, cartridge 36 and cap 50. As illustrated, the cap 50is in the closed and locked position and can only be removed when thecartridge assembly 80 is connected to the outer housing 12, as explainedabove. At step 174, inserting the cartridge 36 into the outer housing12, the applicator head 20 locks to the outer housing 12 using theapplicator head engagement structures 66 and 68. At the same time, theapplicator head engagement structures 66 and 68 release the cap 50 toallow for rotation of the cap 50 relative to the applicator head 20. Atstep 176, rotation of the cap 50 disengages the head engagementprojections 110 and allows for removal of the cap 50 from the applicatorhead 20. At the same time, rotation of the cap 50 allows the sealingassembly 134 to move from the closed configuration to the openconfiguration due to the spring bias provided thereto and to alsodisengage activation switch 154, which can allow for activation of thenozzles 130. Step 178 illustrates cartridge assembly 80 removal byrotating the cap 50 in the opposite direction such that the hookengagement surfaces 124 move the applicator head engagement structures66 and 68 to allow for removal of the cartridge assembly 80 from theouter housing 12. Then, the elastic tongues 114 and 116 move back intotheir cap locking indents 118 and 120 to inhibit rotation and removal ofthe cap 50 from the applicator head 20 while outside the outer housing12.

General Operation

Operation of the handheld treatment apparatus 10 is directed toanalyzing and treating tonal imperfections on human skin that comprisesthe steps of taking at least one background image of at least 10μ² ofskin and then calculating the average background L value of the image ona grey scale. Further, a treatment image of the skin is acquired andfrom that image a localized L value is calculated for individual pixelsor a group of pixels. The local L value is then compared to thebackground L value to identify skin deviations. A skin deviation is anarea of skin where the difference between the two L values is greaterthan a predetermined ΔL value. The skin deviations are then treated witha treatment composition having a predetermined or variable contrastratio.

The handheld treatment apparatus 10 has the applicator head 20 thatincludes the array of nozzles 130 and a reservoir (e.g., cartridge 36)for containing the skin treatment composition. The image capture device46 can take an image of at least 10μ² of skin and the processing unit 30can analyze the image to calculate the average background L value. Theimage capture device 46 then can take a subsequent image of the skin andcalculate the localized L value of individual pixels or groups of pixelsof skin. The processing unit 30 can then compare the local L value tothe background L value to identify skin deviations where the differencebetween the two L values is greater than a predetermined value. While itis anticipated that a remote processing unit, either tethered to thedevice, or which communicates wirelessly, can be used, a localprocessing unit within the handheld treatment apparatus 10 isexemplified herein. Size and speed of the processing unit 30 can be animportant consideration of the design parameters, but cost and otherconsiderations can be considered.

The predetermined ΔL is the absolute value of the difference between thelocal L and the background L. This value, ΔL, can be measured inabsolute numbers or as a percentage. The images can be taken, orconverted to a standard grey scale. Any numerical scale that measureslightness to darkness can be considered a “grey scale.” Further, thebackground L value should not be too close to the ends of this scale.For example, if the grey scale is 0-100, with 0 being pure black and 100being pure white, a background in the 0-10 range, or in the 90-100 rangemay be too light or too dark to show meaningful differences.Accordingly, one can adjust the background lighting, or the gain on theimage capture device 46 taking the image, to move the background Lcloser to the middle of the scale. In this example, a background L of 50would be ideal, with a background L in the range of 10-90 preferred,20-80 even more preferred.

The most common grey scale is 0-255 (no units). In this example, it maybe desirable to use image capture device and lighting settings thatprovide a background L value between 60 and 210. Using the 0-255 grayscale the ΔL may be at least 0.5, such as at least 1 and such aspreferably at least 1.5, to initiate treatment of the skin. Likewise, ΔLcan be measured as a percentage, for example, a numerical ΔL of 2.6 isapproximately equal to 1.0% of a 255 grey scale. Thus, ΔL may be plus orminus 0.25%, such as plus or minus 0.5%, such as plus or minus 0.75%, ofthe grayscale.

The skin treatment compositions may be used to hide, or moreappropriately, to camouflage a skin deviation. One characteristic of theskin treatment compositions is the contrast ratio. The contrast ratio ofthe treatment composition when treating the skin may be at least 0.1.The skin lightness and treatment composition lightness can be measuredby a calibrated spectrophotometer. In the case of using a calibratedspectrophotometer, the average L value of human skin usually spans therange of about 25 to 75. In this case the corresponding treatmentcomposition has a lightness value of at least 2 units greater, such asat least 3 units greater, and such as at least 5 units greater than theaverage skin lightness value of the consumer.

Images may be taken in sequence or preferably continuously. For example,a camera that takes a minimum of 4 frames per second may be used. Higherspeed cameras (greater than 4 frames per second) may also be used. Allimages may be taken in a grey scale or converted to a grey scale, thegrey scale can have any range, for example, 0-255, no units.

There is no technical difference between an image used for background Lvalues and those used for local L values, the difference is in theanalysis of the image. Hence, the images may be continually sent fromthe image capture device 46 to the processing unit 30 to calculate the Lvalues, and ΔL values. It is understood, that the background L can becalculated once in a treatment period and that value reused throughoutthe treatment period. Or, it can be continually recalculated as long asthe treatment process goes on. Moreover, there can be pre-programmedtriggers to initiate a recalculation of the background L. For example,if an extended period of time elapses and no skin deviations are found,or if skin deviations are being found too frequently, a new background Lmight automatically be calculated.

When the ΔL exceeds the predetermined value, the skin deviation istreated with the treatment composition. Treatment requires firing one ormore of the nozzles of the nozzle array 130 which dispense the treatmentcomposition onto the skin in the area of the skin deviation. Thetreatment composition may be applied to the skin deviations in adiscontinuous deposition pattern of discrete droplets between about 1μto about 100μ in size. No more than 85% of the skin deviation may becovered by the treatment composition. More specifically, the treatmentcomposition is applied via the linear array of nozzles 130 and the localL is calculated along the length of, and in the firing range of, thearray of nozzles 130. An individual nozzle may be fired to deposit thetreatment composition, or multiple nozzles fired at the same time. Thenumber of nozzles fired along the linear array of nozzles 130 can beadjusted based on the size of the ΔL and the size of the skin deviation.Furthermore the frequency of nozzle firing can be adjusted based on theΔL, with more droplets being fired in succession in response to largerΔL values. Additional details can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 9,949,552,filed Jul. 23, 2015, the details of which are hereby incorporated byreference as if fully set forth herein.

Referring now to FIG. 15, another embodiment of a handheld treatmentapparatus 200 is illustrated. The handheld treatment apparatus 200includes many of the features of the handheld apparatus of FIG. 1including an outer housing 212, an applicator head 220 and a cap 250that removably connects to the applicator head 220 and outer housing212. Generally and as above, the cap 250 can be removed from theapplicator head 220 when cartridge assembly 280 is connected to theouter housing 212. Further, the cartridge assembly 280 can be removedfrom the outer housing 212 when the cap 250 is in a closed and lockedconfiguration.

Referring to FIG. 16, the outer housing 212 is illustrated without theapplicator head 220, cartridge 236 and cap 250. In this embodiment, theouter housing 212 includes an applicator head engagement structure 266in the form of a hook member that includes a head 272 that is arrangedto engage the applicator head 220.

Referring to FIGS. 17 and 18, more detailed views of the applicator head220 along with the cartridge 236 are illustrated. The applicator head220, in this embodiment, generally includes a head portion 282 and asocket portion 284 that is rotatably connected to the head portion 282such that the head portion 282 can rotate relative to the socket portion284. The socket portion 284 includes an outer housing engagementstructure 300 in the form of an opening that is sized and shaped toremovably receive the head 272 of the applicator head engagementstructure 266. In particular, movement of the applicator head 220 towardthe outer housing 212 causes the head 272 of the applicator headengagement structure 266 to enter the opening 300.

Referring also to FIG. 19, the cap 250 includes a cap body 252 thatincludes a pair of head engagement projections 310 that engage a pair ofcap engagement structures 312 with the cap 250 in a closed and lockedconfiguration. In the illustrated example, the head engagementprojections 310 are in the form of ribs that can be received by the capengagement structures 312 in the form of hooks formed in the headportion 282 of the applicator head 220. The shape of the head portion282 is somewhat oblong thereby inhibiting rotation of the cap 250relative to the head portion 282 due to the complimentary shape of thecap 250.

The head portion 282 and the cap 250 are inhibited from rotatingrelative to the socket portion 284 with the cartridge assembly 280removed from the outer housing 212. In particular, referring to FIGS. 20and 21, the head portion 282 includes an elastic tongue 227 that engagesa locking surface 229 of the socket portion 284. When the cartridgeassembly 280 is inserted into the outer housing 212, a release tongue231 located in the outer housing 212 reaches through an opening 233 andmoves the elastic tongue 227 out of engagement with the locking surface229, thereby releasing the head portion 282 to be rotated relative tothe socket portion 284. Rotating the cap 250 with the head portion 282relative to the socket portion 284 counterclockwise positions a housingengagement structure 235 into engagement with the head 272 of theapplicator head engagement structure 266 located in the opening 300thereby locking the applicator head 220 to the outer housing 212 andallowing the cap 250 to be removed. Further, rotating the cap 250 toopen position moves the engagement projections 310 out of engagementwith engagement structures 312.

For removing the cartridge assembly 280 from the outer housing 212, thecap 250 can be placed on the applicator head 220 and rotated clockwise,which locks the cap 250 to the applicator head 220 using the headengagement projections 310 and cap engagement structures 312 and rotatesthe head portion 282 relative to the socket portion 284. This clockwiserotation of the head portion 282 removes the housing engagementstructure 235 from engagement with the applicator head engagementstructure 266 thereby allowing removal of the applicator head 220 fromthe outer housing 212, which also re-engages the elastic tongue 227 withthe locking surface 229, thereby inhibiting rotation of the head portion282 relative to the socket portion 284.

Referring to FIG. 22, the cartridge assembly 280 is illustrated with thehead portion 282 removed illustrating a sealing assembly 334 separatedfrom the socket portion 284 for illustration. The sealing assembly 334includes a support portion 336 and a resiliently deformable sealingelement 338. In this embodiment, the sealing assembly 334 swivels, thusmoving the sealing element 338 in a composition delivery direction andslides in the lateral direction (i.e., parallel to a plane containingarray of nozzles 330) between a closed position and an open positiondepending on the rotational position of the head portion 282 of theapplicator head 220.

Referring also to FIGS. 23 and 24, the support portion 336 includes aframe 339 that is slidably connected to the socket portion 284 by aguide pin 340. The guide pin 340 includes a portion 341 that is slidablyreceived in a guide slot 343 provided by the socket portion 284. Theguide pin 340 further includes a portion 345 that is slidably receivedwithin a drive slot 347 that is provided by the head portion 223. As thehead portion 282 is rotated, as discussed above, the portion 345 movesalong the drive slot 347 such that the frame 339 translates from aclosed configuration (FIG. 23) to an open configuration (FIG. 24)thereby removing the sealing element 338 from the array of nozzles 330.In the closed configuration, the head portion 282 includes pressingsurfaces 351 and 352 that apply a force against the sealing assembly 334toward the cartridge 236 to compress the sealing element 338 into thearray of nozzles 330 in a fashion similar to that shown by FIG. 12. Ascan be seen by FIG. 25, the frame 339 includes a switch engaging element350 that engages an activation switch in a manner similar to thatdescribed above.

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood asbeing strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead,unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean boththe recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding thatvalue. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean“about 40 mm.”

Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or relatedpatent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation ofany document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect toany embodiments disclosed, or in any combination with any otherreference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any suchembodiments. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of aterm in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of thesame term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning ordefinition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.

While particular embodiments have been illustrated and described, itwould be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changesand modifications can be made without departing from the spirit andscope of the claims. It is therefore intended to cover in the appendedclaims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope ofthis specification.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for treating human skin, comprising:an outer housing including a graspable portion, the outer housingcomprising an applicator head engagement structure; an applicator headthat connects to the outer housing; an image capture device thatcaptures images of the human skin through an opening in the applicatorhead; a processor that analyzes the images of the human skin to identifyskin deviations; and a cartridge comprising a nozzle located in theapplicator head; the applicator head comprising an outer housingengagement structure that engages the applicator head engagementstructure with the cartridge inserted into the outer housing to inhibitremoval of the cartridge from the outer housing; and a cap that engagesthe applicator head, wherein the cap has a locked configurationconnected to the applicator head where the applicator head is removablefrom the outer housing and an unlocked configuration connected to theapplicator head where removal of the applicator head from the outerhousing is inhibited by the applicator head engagement structure.
 2. Theapparatus of claim 1 further comprising a sealing assembly comprising asupport portion and a resiliently deformable sealing element supportedby the support portion at a location within the applicator head, thesealing assembly having an open configuration with the cap in theunlocked configuration.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein theapplicator head engagement structure comprises a hook member comprisinga head arranged to engage the outer housing engagement structure.
 4. Theapparatus of claim 3, wherein the outer housing engagement structurecomprises a hook engaging surface that is sized to engage the head ofthe hook member.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the cap comprisesa head engagement projection that engages a cap engagement structurewith the cap in the locked configuration.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5,wherein the cap comprises a locking tongue that engages a cap lockingindent of the applicator head with the cap in the locked configurationthereby inhibiting rotation of the cap relative to the applicator head.7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the outer housing comprises atongue engagement projection that moves the locking tongue out ofengagement with the cap locking indent with the applicator headconnected to the outer housing.
 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein thecap comprises a hook engagement surface having a ramp shape that movesthe head of the hook member out of engagement with the hook engagingsurface as the cap is rotated relative to the applicator head to theclosed configuration.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cartridgecomprises a skin treatment composition for use in treating human skin.10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the applicator head comprises aroller that contacts the human skin during use.
 11. A method ofoperating an apparatus for treating skin, the method comprising: placinga cartridge at least partially within an outer housing, the cartridgeconnected to an applicator head and the cartridge comprising a nozzlelocated in the applicator head; engaging an outer housing engagementstructure of the applicator head and an applicator head engagementstructure of the outer housing with the cartridge inserted into theouter housing thereby inhibiting removal of the applicator head from theouter housing; rotating a cap connected to the applicator head from alocked configuration that allows removal of the applicator head from theouter housing to an unlocked configuration that inhibits removal of theapplicator head from the outer housing; capturing images of the humanskin through an opening in the applicator head using an image capturedevice; analyzing the images of the human skin to identify skindeviations using a processor; and delivering a skin treatmentcomposition from the nozzle onto the human skin.
 12. The method of claim11, wherein the applicator head engagement structure comprises a hookmember comprising a head engaging the outer housing engagement structurewith the applicator head in the applicator head closed and lockedconfiguration.
 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the outer housingengagement structure comprises a hook engaging surface engaging the headof the hook member.
 14. The method of claim 13 further comprisingengaging the applicator head with the cap.
 15. The method of claim 14,wherein the cap comprises a head engagement projection engaging a capengagement structure with the cap in the locked configuration.
 16. Themethod of claim 15, wherein the cap comprises a locking tongue engaginga cap locking indent of the applicator head with the cap in the lockedconfiguration thereby inhibiting rotation of the cap relative to theapplicator head.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the outer housingcomprises a tongue engagement projection moving the locking tongue outof engagement with the cap locking indent with the applicator headconnected to the housing.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the capcomprises a hook engagement surface having a ramp shape moving the headof the hook member out of engagement with the hook engaging surface asthe cap is rotated relative to the applicator head to the closedconfiguration.
 19. The method of claim 11, wherein the cartridgecomprises a skin treatment composition for use in treating human skin.20. The method of claim 11 further comprising rolling a roller carriedby the applicator head over the human skin during the step of deliveringthe skin treatment composition.
 21. A cartridge assembly for a handheldskin treatment apparatus comprising an image capture device thatcaptures images of the human skin and a processor that analyzes theimages of the human skin to identify skin deviations, the cartridgeassembly comprising: an applicator head and a cartridge connected to theapplicator head, the cartridge comprising a nozzle located in theapplicator head, the applicator head connects to an outer housing of thehandheld skin treatment apparatus; and a cap that engages the applicatorhead, wherein the cap has a locked configuration connected to theapplicator head where the applicator head is removable from the outerhousing and an unlocked configuration connected to the applicator headwhere removal of the applicator head from the outer housing is inhibitedby the applicator head engagement structure.
 22. The cartridge assemblyof claim 21 further comprising a sealing assembly comprising a supportportion and a resiliently deformable sealing element supported by thesupport portion at a location within the applicator head, the sealingassembly having closed configuration with the cap in the closed andlocked configuration where the sealing element is sealed against thenozzle and an open configuration with the cartridge assembly connectedto the skin treatment apparatus.
 23. The cartridge assembly of claim 21,wherein the applicator head comprises an outer housing engagementstructure that engages an applicator head engagement structure of theouter housing with the cartridge inserted into the outer housing toinhibit removal of the cartridge assembly from the outer housing withthe cap in the locked configuration.
 24. The cartridge assembly of claim21, wherein the cartridge comprises contact areas that are sensed by thehandheld skin treatment apparatus.
 25. The cartridge assembly of claim21, wherein the cartridge comprises a skin treatment composition for usein treating human skin.